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Thermocouple Thermometers
A summary of our thermocouple
thermometer products. Click on the button to order or on the links to
learn more about each model.
Thermocouples are used widely because they can be configured
into a variety of forms for different temperature measurement tasks and they are
highly repeatable. When the mass of a thermocouple sensor is kept low,
the probe can very responsive--this is important for taking rapid and accurate
measurements.
Response Times
T he response of a thermocouple probe of
temperature versus time can be graphed as an exponential function. One Time
Constant is defined as the time required to reach 63.2% of the temperature
change. Two Time Constants is 86.5% and Three is 95% of the temperature change.
At All QA, the response time is stated at Three Time Constants of the
temperature change.
Air Temperatures: Air has very
little thermal conductivity and density so probe response time seems quite slow.
To achieve a more rapid response in air, wave the probe tip back and forth to
obtain air motion over the measurement tip. Unless using a probe designed for
air, select the lightest weight probe available to let the air heat or cool it
more quickly, and shield the probe from direct exposure to heated or cooled
sources.
Surface Temperatures: Surface
temperatures are the most difficult to measure accurately, especially on poor
heat-conducting materials such as paper and some plastic films. It is generally
not practical to try to estimate the temperature within a solid by measuring the
temperature on its surface.
The major source of error in making
surface temperature readings is in obtaining adequate heat transfer from the
surface into the measuring probe tip. To reduce this error: 1) use a small
amount of oil or grease if at all possible to improve heat transfer into the
tip; 2) use as large a contact area as practical – a big “footprint"; and 3) the
probe tip's surface needs to fit snugly against the measured surface.
Needle Probes: To respond quickly,
the probes must usually have only a small amount of metal at the measuring
point, so oftentimes, the strongest probe tips may respond more slowly.
Conversely, smaller probes may respond more quickly, but are often more fragile.
Take care not to use excessive force when inserting the probe into the material
to be measured.
Frozen Products: Some frozen
products are soft or pliable and some products are hard and solid. It is
impossible to recommend one probe for all frozen food applications. Avoid using
the probe tip as an ice pick. When measuring temperatures of hard frozen
products it is ALWAYS recommended to pre-drill the hole first, then insert the
smaller needle.
Recommendations for Care and Usage
To prevent cross-contamination, sanitize
probes between uses with wipes or a sanitizing solution. Do not allow the
probe tips to remain in the sanitizing solution. After probes are sanitized,
dry the probe tip and store.
Avoid over-stretching or kinking the
probe cables for longest life.
Detach probe from thermometer by holding
the plug firmly, do not pull plug out by the cable.
Avoid forcing probe into any product as
you may risk bending the probe.
Thermocouple Types: Specifications shown
are for thermocouple Type K models--we recommend this type for all food
applications, whether high temperature or low temperature.
Most probes are also available in
thermo-couple types J and T. In some cases, the upper temperature limits for
types J and T may differ from that shown in the catalog. Call for availability
or specifications.
Probes with Special Limits of Error Cables
are available for quote to high-volume users.
Accuracy Tolerances for Standard Thermocouples (A.N.S.I.
MC 96.1 - 1982)
Type K Thermocouples
Above 32ºF or 0ºC: +0.75% of reading (or +4ºF (2.2ºC) if
greater) to 2,282ºF (1,250ºC)
Below 32ºF (0ºC):
±2.0% of reading (or ¿4ºF
(2.2ºC) if greater) to -328ºF (-200ºC),
All QA limit -112ºF (-80ºC)
Type J Thermocouples
Above 32ºF or 0ºC: +0.75% of reading (or +4ºF (2.2ºC) if
greater) to 1,382ºF (750ºC)
Below 32ºF (0ºC): No A.N.S.I. specification. All QA spec
is +1.0% of reading (or +4ºF (2.2ºC) if greater) to -112ºF (-50ºC)
Type T Thermocouples
Above 32ºF or 0ºC: +0.75% of reading (or +1.8ºF (1.0ºC)
if greater) to 662ºF (350ºC)
Below 32ºF (0ºC): F1.5% of reading (or
±1.8ºF (1.0ºC)
if greater) to -328ºF (-200ºC), All QA limit -148ºF (-100ºC)( )
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